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/** 
*
* WHAT THIS FILE DOES:;
* 1. Define default values for customizable elements.
* 2. Grab the user-created values (or the defaults) from OptionTree and assign them to CSS selectors.
*
* Note to theme-developers: Make sure you're not setting any of these values in your theme stylesheets. That just makes for extra work...
*
**/

/* Run NiceScroll CSS based on user OPTIONS - Also see Run Scripts at the bottom of this document */

	#course-list {display: none;}
	#course-list .course-credits {display: none;}
	#course-list .course-prerequisites {display: none;}

	

	/*  - THEME PRIMARY COLOR -  */	
	.theme_primary_color_text,
	.th_show_hide.th_flag_toggle:hover,
	h2.entry-title > a:hover,
	a, 
	a:visited,
	#page .tagcloud a,
	#page .vc_tta.vc_general .vc_tta-panel-title > a,
	.vc_tta-tabs .vc_grid h5 a,
	#page nav ul.menu .sub-menu li.menu-item a:hover,
	#page nav ul.menu .sub-menu li.menu-item > a,
	#page #section-navigation #site-navigation ul.mega-sub-menu li.mega-menu-item a,
	button, .button, input[type="button"], input[type="reset"], input[type="submit"],
	#page table tr td > a {	
		color: #144563; 
	}

	/*  - THEME SECONDARY COLORS -  */
	#page a:hover,
	.duration, .tribe-event-duration,
	.author-description > h3,	
	.flag_toggle .icon > i:hover,
	#page #section-tophat-dropdown a:hover,
	#section-tophat .th_flag_toggle:hover .th_trigger i,
	#section-tophat .th_flag_toggle:hover .th_trigger.blurb,
	#section-tophat .menu-item-title:hover,
	#page #section-tophat a:hover, 
	#page .vc_tta.vc_general .vc_tta-panel-title:hover > a {
		color: #c6c6c6; 
	}

	#page .vc_btn_outlined:hover,
	.nav-next:hover, .nav-previous:hover,
	#section-content .tribe-events-widget-link:hover, 
	#section-content .tribe-events-widget-link:hover a,
	#page .add_to_cart_button:hover {
    border-color: #c6c6c6 !important;
    background-color: #c6c6c6 !important;
    color: white !important;
	}

	/*  - THEME SECONDARY BG-COLORS -  */
	#section-header nav ul.menu ul li:hover, 
	#section-header nav ul.menu ul li.sfHover,
	#section-header nav ul.menu ul li:hover > a, 
	#section-header nav ul.menu ul li.sfHover > a,
	#page #section-navigation .mega-menu-flyout .mega-sub-menu li.mega-menu-item:hover,
	#page #section-navigation .mega-menu-flyout .mega-sub-menu li.mega-menu-item:hover > a,
	#page #section-sticky-header .mega-menu-flyout .mega-sub-menu li.mega-menu-item:hover,
	#page #section-sticky-header .mega-menu-flyout .mega-sub-menu li.mega-menu-item:hover > a,
	.wpb_tabs_nav li.ui-state-default a,
	#page .vc_tta-tabs-list li.vc_tta-tab > a,
	.course-meta .status.in-progress,
	.meter.red > span, 
	#page .tagcloud a:hover,
	.sensei .nav-next a:hover, .sensei .nav-prev a:hover, 
	#page .lesson input:hover {
		background-color: #c6c6c6; 
		color: white !important;
	}

	
	#page .button.wc-forward, 
	.highlight-row, 
	.ui-accordion-header-active a,
	.theme_primary_color_bg,
	.ui-state-active .ui-tabs-anchor,
	.wpb_content_element .wpb_tabs_nav li:hover a,
	#page .vc_tta-tabs-list li.vc_tta-tab:hover > a,
	#page .vc_tta-tabs-list li.vc_tta-tab.vc_active > a,
	#page .button,
	#page .tagcloud a,
	.wpb_tabs_nav li.ui-state-active a,
	.vc_tta-accordion .vc_tta-panels .vc_active .vc_tta-panel-title a,
	#my-courses.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li.ui-state-active a, 
	#page a.my-messages-link:hover, 
    #page .ui-state-active a.ui-tabs-anchor:hover, 
    #page #my-courses.ui-tabs .ui-tabs-nav li a:hover,
    .lesson input[type="submit"], 
    .course input[type="submit"] {
		background-color: #144563; 
		color: white !important;
	}


	/* - !IMPORTANT OVERRIDES */	
	.woocommerce span.onsale, 
	.woocommerce-page span.onsale, 
	.button.add_to_cart_button.product_type_simple, 
	#page .woocommerce .form-row input.button {
	  background: #144563 !important;
	  text-shadow: 0 1px 0 #144563 !important;
	}
	.woocommerce a.button, 
	.woocommerce button.button .woocommerce input.button, 
	.woocommerce #respond input#submit, 
	.woocommerce #content input.button, 
	.woocommerce-page a.button, 
	.woocommerce-page button.button, 
	.woocommerce-page input.button, 
	.woocommerce-page #respond input#submit, 
	.woocommerce-page #content input.button {
		background: -moz-linear-gradient(center top , #FFF -100%, #144563 100%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) !important;
		border-color: #144563 !important;
		text-shadow: 0 -1px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6);
		}
	.woocommerce a.button:hover, 
	.woocommerce button.button .woocommerce input.button:hover, 
	.woocommerce #respond input#submit:hover, 
	.woocommerce #content input.button:hover, 
	.woocommerce-page a.button:hover, 
	.woocommerce-page button.button:hover, 
	.woocommerce-page input.button:hover, 
	.woocommerce-page #respond input#submit:hover, 
	.woocommerce-page #content input.button:hover, 
	#page .woocommerce .form-row input.button:hover {
		background: -moz-linear-gradient(center top , #FFF -100%, #c6c6c6 100%) repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) !important;
		border-color: #c6c6c6 !important;
		}
	.woocommerce ul.products li.product .price, 
	.woocommerce-page ul.products li.product .price, 
	.woocommerce div.product span.price, 
	.woocommerce div.product p.price, 
	.woocommerce #content div.product span.price, 
	.woocommerce #content div.product p.price, 
	.woocommerce-page div.product span.price, 
	.woocommerce-page div.product p.price, 
	.woocommerce-page #content div.product span.price, 
	.woocommerce-page #content div.product p.price {
		color: #c6c6c6 !important;
	}

	/* STRIPE BACKGROUND COLOR & OPACITY */

	#page #section-super-header, #page #section-tophat{background: transparent; position: relative; z-index: 9999;}	
	#page #section-header{width: 100%;}

	#page #section-header .container,
	#page #section-tophat .container{z-index: 3;}

	#section-tophat .stripe_color{
		position:absolute;
		top:0px;
		width:100%;
		height:100%;
		background-color: #011a29; 
		z-index: 2;
		}

	#section-header .stripe_color{
		position:absolute;
		top:0px;
		width:100%;
		height:100%;
		background-color: #001a32; 
		opacity:0.8;
		z-index: 2;
		}

	/*  - THEME SECONDARY BG-COLORS -  */
	#sf_results #sf_val ul li.sf_selected,
	.button:hover,
	.button:active,
	.button:focus,
	input[type="submit"]:hover,
	input[type="submit"]:active,
	input[type="submit"]:focus{
		background-color: #c6c6c6 !important;
	}

	#page #section-super-header nav#site-navigation .mega-menu-wrap .mega-menu > li.mega-menu-item-has-children ul.mega-sub-menu,
	#section-header nav ul.menu > li > .sub-menu li:first-child, 
	#sticky-superfish-menu > ul.menu > li.menu-item > ul.sub-menu > li:first-child {
		border-top-color: #c6c6c6 !important;
	}

	/*  - THEME PRIMARY BG-COLORS OVERRIDES -  */
	#section-footer,
	#page .pptwj-tabs-wrap .tab-links {	
		background-color: #144563; 
	}
	
	#page .pptwj-tabs-wrap .tab-links,
	.th_slidingDiv, 
	.wpb_tabs_nav {
		border-bottom-color: #144563 !important;
	}

	/*  - THEME SECONDARY BG-COLORS OVERRIDES -  */
	.pptwj-tabs-wrap .tab-links li a.selected, 
	.pptwj-tabs-wrap .tab-links li a:hover {
		background-color: #c6c6c6 !important; 
	}

	/* DEFAULT POST-GRID HOVER COLORS */
		.module-content{background: transparent;}
		.module-inner .color_background{ 
			position:absolute;
			top:0px;
			left:0px;
			width:100%;
			height:100%;
			z-index: 1 !important;
			background-color: #144563; 
			opacity:0;
			}
			.module-inner:hover .color_background{
				opacity: 0.9;
				}
	
	/*  - Slider Arrows -  */
	.tp-leftarrow.default {
	  background-color: #144563;
	  background-image: url("https://econ.ip-paris.fr/wp-content/themes/polytechnic/theme-core/theme-assets/images/slider_arrow_left.png") !important;
	  border-radius: 20px;
	}
	.tp-rightarrow.default {
	  background-color: #144563;
	  background-image: url("https://econ.ip-paris.fr/wp-content/themes/polytechnic/theme-core/theme-assets/images/slider_arrow_right.png") !important;
	  border-radius: 20px;
	}


	/* SKIN BUILDER */

	#section-tophat-dropdown{
		background-color: #1f3345;
				}
	#section-tophat .stripe_color{
		background-color: #011a29;
				}
	#section-header .stripe_image{
		position: absolute; top: 0; left: 0; height: 100%; width: 100%; z-index: 1;
					background: url("http://crest.science/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/crest_header_back-1.jpg") repeat;
			background-size: cover;
			background-position: 50% 50%;
				}

		    #section-header .stripe_image {
			filter: none !important;
			filter: unset !important;
			-webkit-filter: grayscale(0);
			-moz-filter: grayscale(0%);
			-ms-filter: grayscale(0%);
			-o-filter: grayscale(0%);
		}
	
    #section-header .stripe_color {
    	background-color: #001a32;
		opacity: 0.55;
	}

	#section-sticky-header-background{
		background-color: #011A29;
				}
	#section-header nav ul.menu > li:after, #page #section-navigation ul.mega-menu li.mega-menu-item a:after{
		background-color: #FFFFFF;
		}
	#page #section-super-header nav#site-navigation .mega-menu-wrap .mega-menu > li.mega-menu-item-has-children ul.mega-sub-menu, #section-header nav ul.menu > li > .sub-menu li:first-child{
		border-top-color:  !important;
		}
	#mega-menu-wrap-primary_menu-241 #mega-menu-primary_menu-241 > li.mega-menu-megamenu > ul.mega-sub-menu, #page #section-super-header ul.mega-sub-menu li{
		background-color: #eeeeee;
				}
	html, body, #section-content{
		background-color: #ffffff;
				}
	#section-content .container > .sixteen{
		background-color: #ffffff;
				}
	#section-footer{
		background-color: #e0e0e0;
				}
	#section-sub-footer{
		background-color: #011a29;
				}


/* NEW VISUAL COMPOSER STYLING OPTIONS */


/*  - Layout: Content AD Space -  */
	.content-ad-space {margin-bottom: 2rem;}
	
		#section-header h1.site-title{
			margin-top: 0.5rem !important; 
			}
		
		#section-header h1.site-title{
			margin-bottom: 0.5rem !important; 
			}
		
		#section-header nav ul.menu, #section-header nav ul.mega-menu, #section-header nav .menu > ul {
			padding-top: 0.5rem !important; 
			}
		
		#section-sticky-header h1.site-title{
			margin-top: 0.4rem !important; 
			}
		
		#section-sticky-header h1.site-title{
			margin-bottom: 0.4rem !important; 
			}
		
		#section-sticky-header nav ul.menu{
			padding-top: 0.4rem !important; 
			}
		
		#section-sticky-header nav ul.menu, #section-sticky-header li ul.sub-menu{
			padding-bottom: 0.4rem !important; 
			}
		
		#section-sticky-header, #section-sticky-header-background {
			height: 4rem !important; 
			}
		
		#dynamic-to-top {
		  background-color: transparent !important;
		  border: 2px solid transparent !important;
		  border-radius: 0 !important;
		  bottom: auto !important;
		  box-shadow: none !important;
		  padding: 0 !important;
		  right: 5% !important;
		  top: 13px !important;
		  transition: all 0.5s ease 0s !important;
		}
		.page #dynamic-to-top span {
		  background: url("https://econ.ip-paris.fr/wp-content/themes/polytechnic/theme-core/theme-assets/images/up.png") no-repeat scroll 0 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) !important;
		  display: block;
		  height: 10px;
		  overflow: hidden;
		  width: 14px;
		}
		#dynamic-to-top:hover {
		  background-color: transparent !important;
		  background-image: url("") !important;
		  border: 2px solid transparent !important;
		  opacity: 1 !important;
		}
		#dynamic-to-top:hover span {	
			background-image: url("https://econ.ip-paris.fr/wp-content/themes/polytechnic/theme-core/theme-assets/images/up.png") !important;
		}
	/* BODY */
body {font-family: "Hero New",serif;}
h1, h2, h3 {font-family: "Alverata",serif;}

/* LOGO */
#section-header h1.site-title {line-height: 1;}

/* PROFILE PAGE */
hr.title {display: none;}
.post-11198 .entry-title {display: none;}
.um-header.no-cover .um-profile-meta {display: inline-block !important; max-width: 50%; margin-left: 50px; margin-top: 25px !important; text-align: left !important;}
.um-header.no-cover a.um-profile-photo-img, .um-header.no-cover .um-profile-photo { margin-right: 20px !important; width: 120px !important; height: 120px !important; float: left !important;}
.um-header {border-bottom: none !important;}
.um-profile-nav {padding: 0px; background: #F1F1F0;}
.um .um-field-group-head, .picker__box, .picker__nav--prev:hover, .picker__nav--next:hover, .um .um-members-pagi span.current, .um .um-members-pagi span.current:hover, .um .um-profile-nav-item.active a, .um .um-profile-nav-item.active a:hover, .upload, .um-modal-header, .um-modal-btn, .um-modal-btn.disabled, .um-modal-btn.disabled:hover, div.uimob800 .um-account-side li a.current, div.uimob800 .um-account-side li a.current:hover {background: #F1F1F0; border-right: 2px solid #9D9D9D;}
.um-profile-nav-item.active a, .um-profile-nav-item.active a:hover {color: #6A8DAE !important; background-color: white !important;}
.um-profile-nav-item a {color: #9D9D9D !important; border-radius: 0px;}
.um-profile-body .um-col-121 {width: 60%;}
.um-header .um-col-122, .um-profile-body .um-col-122 {width: 30%; background: rgb(64,115,153); background: linear-gradient(135deg, rgba(64,115,153,1) 0%, rgba(34,135,173,1) 100%); color: white !important; font-size: 12px !important; padding: 10px;}
.um-header .um-col-122 label, .um-header .um-col-122 a, .um-header .um-col-122 i, .um-header .um-col-122 h2, .um-profile-body .um-col-122 label, .um-profile-body .um-col-122 a, .um-profile-body .um-col-122 i, .um-profile-body .um-col-122 h2 {color: white !important;}
.um-header .um-col-122 h2 {font-size:14px;}
.um-profile.um-viewing .um-field-label, .um-field-group {margin-bottom: 0 !important; padding: 0 !important;}
.um-profile.um-viewing .um-field-label {border: none;}
.um-field h2 {font-size:14px !important;}
/* #section-content {background-color: #f1f1f0;} */
#skeleton-container .module-inner {width: 100% !important;}
.page-id-2 #skelton-wrap {display: none;}
.hover-grid .wpb_column {padding: 0 8px;}
.vc_tta-panels .vc_active span.vc_tta-title-text {padding-left: 35px; color: #17BB9A !important;}
#homepage {max-height: 570px !important; width: 100%;}

/* Publications Homepage */
.homepage .doubleHome {overflow:hidden;}
.homepage .doubleHome li{float:left; display:inline; width:50%;}

/* UPCOMING EVENTS */
.jeg_archive_title {font-family:'Titillium Web',sans-serif!important; text-transform:uppercase; color:#4a4a4a; font-size:26px; padding-left:10px;}
#primary.sixteen h4.entry-title.summary {display:inline; border-bottom:none; margin-bottom:0.8rem; padding-bottom:0;}
.ecs-excerpt {margin-bottom: 0!important; font-style:italic; color:#222;line-height:18px;} /*margin-bottom: 1.8rem*/
#primary.sixteen h4.entry-title.summary a{font-size:13px; font-weight:400; color:#555!important;}
.nopaddingleft .vc_column-inner {padding-left:0 !important;}

/* Scrollbar Begin */
ul.ecs-event-list {overflow-y:scroll; max-height:1000px;}
ul::-webkit-scrollbar-track{-webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 0 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);background-color: #F5F5F5;}
ul::-webkit-scrollbar{width: 6px;background-color: #F5F5F5;}
ul::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background-color: #888;}

/* Scrollbar End */
ul.ecs-event-list {margin: 0 0 2rem 1rem !important; display:inline-grid;}
.wpb_text_column ul li {margin-left: 0;} ul li:before {content: none;}
.dateblock {padding:3.2rem 0.7rem; margin:5px; background-color:#888; font-weight:600; float:left; text-align:center;}
span.crest-time-day, span.crest-time-m{font-family:'Titillium Web'!important;color:#fff!important}
span.crest-time-day{font-size:14px!important;}
span.crest-time-m{text-transform:uppercase;font-size:12px!important;}

/* HEAD */
#section-content .container > .sixteen {padding: 0 1rem 7rem;}
.entry-content {margin: 0;}
h1.entry-title {margin-top: 40px;}
.header-page {margin-bottom: 0 !important;}
.header-page, .bloc-titre {background-color: #6a8dae; color: #fff;}
.bloc-titre .center-wrap {min-height: 50px; vertical-align: middle; display: table-cell; padding: 10px 0 0 0;}
.center-wrap {margin: 20px auto 40px auto; max-width: 1140px; width: 100%;}
.breadcrumb {display: inline-block; margin-bottom: 6px;}
.breadcrumb ol {margin: 0 0 0.5rem 0 !important; padding: 0; font-size: 1em; text-decoration: none; box-sizing: border-box;}
.breadcrumb li {display: inline-block; color: #ffffff;}
.breadcrumb li a {color: #ffffff;}

/* TWITTER FEED + LINKS */
.twitterlinksblock h1 {padding-left:0;}
.twitterlinksblock .vc_column-inner {padding-left:10px;}
.quicklinks a, .quicklinks p {font-size:20px;}
/* .twitterfeedbox #ctf .ctf-item:first-child {padding-top:0 !important;} */
.ctf-tweet-content p:hover, .ctf-item:hover {background-color:#eee !important;}

/* Scrollbar Begin */
.twitterfeedbox .ctf-tweets {overflow-y:scroll; overflow-x:hidden; height:450px;}
.twitterfeedbox div::-webkit-scrollbar-track{-webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 0 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);background-color: #F5F5F5;}
.twitterfeedbox div::-webkit-scrollbar{width: 6px;background-color: #F5F5F5;}
.twitterfeedbox div::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background-color: #888;}
/* Scrollbar End */

/* FOOTER */
#section-footer .sixteen {padding:0;} /* 2rem 0;} */
#section-footer {background-color:#010101 !important;}
#section-footer a, #section-footer p {color: #fff;} /* #484848 */
.footer-menu .col-md-2 {width:14.2857%; padding-right:5px; padding-left:5px;}
.footer-menu .col-md-4 {padding:0 !important;}
.footer-menu .col-md-8 {padding-left:0 !important;}
.footer-menu .col-md-12 {margin-left:0;}
.footer-menu .cresttitle {font-weight:bold; text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom: 5px;}
.footer-menu .footer-menu-leaf {font-weight:400;}
.footer-menu .widget ul li:before, .footer-menu ul li:before {content:"";}
.footer-menu .widget ul li .footer-menu-parent, .footer-menu ul li .footer-menu-parent {font-weight:bold; text-transform:uppercase;font-size: 11px;}
.footer-menu .widget ul li ul li:before, .footer-menu ul li ul li:before {content:"";}
.widget ul.footer-menu-tree {margin-left: 0;}
.footer-menu .footer-logos {margin-top:50px;}
.footer-menu hr {background-color:#888;}
.footer-menu .footer-logos img {padding-top:40px;}

/ * ONGLETS */
/* Navigation */
#tab-nav {
/* Suppression des marges internes et externes */
margin: 0px ; padding: 0px;
/* Décalage pour masquer la bordure du contenu */
position: relative; bottom: -1px; text-align:left;}

/* cacher la ligne verticale si active */
.header-tabs ul li.bckgrd-white::after {background-color: #ffffff;}

#tab-nav li {
/* Affichage des éléments du menu côte à côte */
display: inline-block; min-width:70px; text-align:center;}

/* Aspect des onglets inactifs (par défaut) */
#tab-nav a {display: block;}

/* Effet de survol sur les onglets */
#tab-nav a:hover {background-color: #fff; color:#888;}

/* Aspect des onglets actifs */
#tab-nav .tab-nav-active {background-color: #fff; color: #6A8DAE;}

/* Contenu des onglets */
.tab {
/* Masquage des onglets*/
display: none; border: none;}

/* Affichage du contenu actif */
.tab-active {display: block;}

/* TABS */
.header-tabs {background-color: #F1F1F0; color: #fff;}
.header-tabs .wpb_content_element {margin-bottom:0 !important;}
.header-tabs ul.menu-tabs {margin:0 !important;}
.header-tabs ul {max-width: 1140px; width: 100%; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0; position: relative; font-size: 0;}
.header-tabs ul li.active {background-color: #ffffff;}
.header-tabs ul li {display: inline-block; font-size: 1.4rem; vertical-align: middle; position: relative; width: auto; white-space: normal; transition: 0.3s; text-align: center; font-family: "Montserrat", sans-serif; padding: 0; list-style-type: none;}
.header-tabs ul li.active a {background-color: #ffffff; color: #061987;}
.header-tabs ul li a {padding: 15px 20px; display: block; background-color: transparent; font-size: 1.4rem;
    text-transform: none; line-height: 20px; font-weight: 700; color: #4a4a4a; transition: 0.3s; text-align: center; cursor: pointer;}
.header-tabs ul li.active::after {background-color: #ffffff;}
.header-tabs ul li::after {content: ''; position: absolute; right: 0px; top: 50%; transform:translateY(-50%);     height: 50%; width: 2px; background-color: rgba(74, 74, 74, 0.5);}

/*PEOPLE*/
#people-filter-block {width: 100%; max-width: 1140px;}
#people-filter-block .form-item {display: inline-block; vertical-align: top;}
.form-item {margin: 20px 12px 30px 0;}
.selectric {border: 1px solid #d8d8d7; background: #FFFFFF; position: relative; border-radius: 0px;}
.selectric-items {display: none; position: absolute; top: 100%; left: 0; background: #FFF; border: 1px solid #C4C4C4; border-top: none; z-index: -1; box-shadow: 0 0 10px -6px;}
#people-filter-block input {font-family: "Roboto", sans-serif; color: #4a4a4a;}
.selectric-input {position: absolute !important; top: 0 !important; left: 0 !important; overflow: hidden !important; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0) !important; margin: 0 !important; padding: 0 !important; width: 1px !important; height: 1px !important; outline: none !important; border: none !important; background: none !important;}
.view-membres .groupby-wrapper {background-color: #ffffff; padding-top: 30px; margin-bottom: 20px;}
.view-membres .groupby-wrapper .groupby-header {width: 9%; padding-top: 15px; text-align: left;}
.groupby-wrapper .groupby-header {display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; width: 20%;}
.groupby-wrapper .groupby-header {
    font-size: 4rem;
    font-weight: 300;
    line-height: 44px;
    color: #6A8DAE; margin-bottom: 13px;}
.view-membres .groupby-wrapper .groupby-content {
    width: 83%;
}

.groupby-wrapper .groupby-content {
    display: inline-block;
    vertical-align: top;
    width: 78%;
}
.view-membres .groupby-wrapper .groupby-content .views-row:nth-of-type(1) .line {
    border-top: none;
}

.view-membres .line {
    color: #4a4a4a;
}
.line:first-child {
    border-top: none;
}
.line {
    display: table;
    width: 100%;
    position: relative;
}

.view-membres .groupby-wrapper .groupby-content .line {
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(175, 174, 175, 0.2);
}

.line .row {
    display: table-row;
}

.row {
    margin: 0 !important;
}
.line:hover, .line:hover p, .line:hover h3, .line:hover .important {
    background-color: #888;
    color: white !important;
}
.view-membres .line .cell.photo {
    width: 10%;
    padding: 20px 10px;
}
.view-membres .line .cell {
    font-size: 1.4rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    width: 30%;
}
.line .cell {
    display: table-cell;
    border-collapse: collapse;
    vertical-align: middle;
    font-size: 2.0rem;
    font-weight: 900;
    padding: 20px;
    width: 64%;
}
.view-membres .line .cell.name {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
}
#people-filter-block .form-item .form-text {padding:5px!important;border:1px solid #ebebeb;border-radius:0;}

.alphabet {
    list-style-type:none !important;
    margin:0 auto 0 !important;
    padding:0;
    cursor:pointer;
    width:80%;
    text-align:center;
}
.alphabet li:last-child {
    border-right: none;
}
.alphabet li:hover {
    color: #888;
}


/* ALPHABET PEOPLE */
.alphabet li {
    float:left;
    margin:0;
    padding:0;
    border-right:1px solid darkgrey; 
    font-size: 14px;
    color:black;
    display:inline-block;
    width:3.84%;
} 


/* HEADER */
@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Titillium+Web:ital,wght@0,200;0,300;0,400;0,600;0,700;0,900;1,200;1,300;1,400;1,600;1,700&display=swap');
#site-logo {width: 250px;}
#section-header nav ul.menu, #section-header nav ul.menu > li.menu-item > a {text-transform:uppercase; font-size: 14px; font-family: 'Titillium Web', sans-serif !important; font-weight:600;}

/* CREST NEWS */
.crestnewshp .thumbnail-container {height:250px;}
.crestnewshp .jeg_postblock_22 .jeg_post {padding-right:10px;}
/* Cacher la catégorie et la date */
.crestnewshp .jeg_post_category, .crestnewshp .jeg_post_category a {display:none;padding:0;margin:0;}
.crestnewshp .jeg_meta_date, .crestnewshp .jeg_meta_date a {display:none;padding:0;margin:0;}
/* Partie description */
.crestnewshp .jeg_post_meta {font-size: 12px;line-height: 1.4;}
.crestnewshp .jeg_post_meta p, .crestnewshp .jeg_post_title a:hover {color:white !important;}
.crestnewshp .jeg_hero_style_1 .jeg_postblock_content {padding: 0 5px 92px 5px !important;}
.crestnewshp .jeg_heroblock_2 .jeg_hero_item_1 .jeg_postblock_content {padding: 0 25px 25px !important;}
.columns .header-page.news {
    margin-left: -40% !important;
    width: 200% !important;
}
.columns .header-page.events {
    margin-left: -62% !important;
    width: 300% !important;
}
.columns .header-page.news nav ol {
    margin-left: 500px !important;
    width: 100% !important;
}
.columns .header-page.events nav ol {
    margin-left: 500px !important;
    width: 100% !important;
}

/* CREST SLIDE */
.slider-carousel .jeg_post_title { text-align: center; padding-bottom: 20px }
.jeg_slide_item { background-size: auto 100px !important; }
.jeg_slider_type_4 .jeg_slide_item:before { background: none; background-size: contain; }
.jeg_slider_type_4 .jeg_slide_item { background-color: white;  }
.epic-owl-dot span { background-color: #6A8DAE !important; }
.jeg_owlslider .epic-owl-nav div { background-color: #6A8DAE; color: white; }

/* PUBLICATIONS */
.publicationblock h1 {padding-left:0;}
.jeg_postblock_21.jeg_col_3o3 .jeg_post {width:50% !important;}
.publicationblock .jeg_pl_sm .jeg_thumb, .publicationblock .jeg_pl_sm .jeg_thumb img {width:80px; height:120px;}
.publicationblock .size-715 {padding-bottom:100%;}
.publicationblock .thumbnail-container {overflow:initial;}
.publicationblock .jeg_pl_sm .jeg_postblock_content {margin-left:80px !important;}

/* Scrollbar Begin */
.publicationblock .jeg_block_container {overflow-y:scroll; overflow-x:hidden; height:0 !important;} /* 265px;} */
.publicationblock div::-webkit-scrollbar-track{-webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 0 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);background-color: #F5F5F5;}
.publicationblock div::-webkit-scrollbar{width: 6px;background-color: #F5F5F5;}
.publicationblock div::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb{background-color: #F1F1F0;}
/* Scrollbar End */

/* COPYRIGHT */
#section-sub-footer .columns.left * {margin-right:0; font-weight:bold;}
#section-sub-footer {background-color: #000d14;}

/* BLOCKS */
.block .vc_column-inner {padding: 0 !important;}
.block {margin: 12px 12px 12px 0; width: 24%; border: none; padding-bottom: 18%;}
.block {display: inline-block; vertical-align: top; height: 0; background: #f9f9f9; position: relative;}

.block figure {width: 100%; min-height: inherit; display: block; position: relative; vertical-align: top;}

.block .block-content {padding:0 15px;}
.block .block-title {color:#33699c; font-size:24px; font-family: 'Titillium Web'; padding-top: 15px;}
.block .block-description {color:#33699c; font-size:16px; font-family: 'Titillium Web';}

/* TEXT */
.txt-title {font-size: 30px;}
.txt-description {text-align:justify;padding-right: 50px;}

/* CONTACT BLOCK */
.contact-block {
margin: 0; padding: 20px; /*background-color: #33699c*/; color:#fff; padding-bottom:5%;}

.contact-block h2 {font-size: 2.0rem; font-weight: 700; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 20px; text-transform: none;}

.contact-block ul {display: grid; font-size: 1.6rem;margin-left:0 !important;}
.contact-block figure {width: 68px; height: 68px; margin: 0 10px 15px 0; float: left;}
.contact-block figure img {border-radius: 50%; display: block; width: 100%; height: auto;}
.contact-block li span {color: #fff; display: block; padding-bottom: 3px;}
.contact-block li span.name {font-weight: 600;}
.contact-block li span.function {font-weight: 400;font-size: 1.2rem;}


/* FILTER STYLE */

li.wppb-facet-filter {
  height:30px;
  vertical-align: middle;
}

li.wppb-facet-filter select {
   min-width: 55px;
}

li.wppb-facet-filter select > option {
   line-height: 30px;
}

input.wppb-search-button {
   padding: 0px 20px !important;
   background: #6A8DAE !important;
   color: white !important;
   height: 35px !important;
   line-height: 35px !important;
}

article.posts-list-element {
   width: 100%;
}

.posts-list-element .jeg_thumb, .posts-list-element .jeg_thumb img {
   display: inline-block;
   width: 150px !important;
   height: 150px !important;
   margin-right: 10px;
}

.posts-list-element .jeg_thumb2, .posts-list-element .jeg_thumb2 img {
   display: inline-block;
   width: 5px !important;
   height: 130px !important;
   /* height: 150px !important; */
   margin-right: 10px;
   background-color: #888888;
}


.posts-list-element .jeg_postblock_content {
   display: inline-block;
   max-width: 60%;
   word-break: normal; 
   height: 150px;
   vertical-align: top;
   padding-top: 10px;
}
.posts-list-element .jeg_postblock_content2 {
   display: inline-block;
   max-width: 94%;
   word-break: normal; 
   min-height: 120px;
   vertical-align: top;
   padding-top: 5px;
   /* padding-top: 10px; */
}

h3.jeg_post_title, h3.jeg_post_title p, .jeg_postblock_content2 p {margin-bottom:5px !important;}

strong {
   font-weight: bold;
}

/* POSTS DISPLAY */


article .entry-title {
   text-align: center;
}



.entry-meta {
   display: none;
}

.entry-content p {
   max-width: 100%;
}

.post {
   max-width: 80%;
   margin: 0 auto 30px auto;
}

/* News HOME */
.jeg_post_title_pers {
    font-size: 16px;
    /*font-weight:bold;*/
    width:400px;
    color:#004080;
    background-color: #DBDBDB!important;
    padding: 5px;
    margin-left:-25px;
    margin-top:10px !important;
    margin-bottom:-25px !important;
    min-height: 54px;
}

.jeg_post_title_pers2 {
    font-size: 16px;
    /*font-weight:bold;*/
    width:200px;
    color:#004080;
    background-color:#DBDBDB!important;
    padding: 9px;
    margin-left:-5px;
    margin-top:25px !important;
    margin-bottom:-92px !important;
    min-height: 54px;
}

.jeg_link_pers {
   color:#fff !important;
}

.jeg_meta_author {
   font-size:14px;
   font-style: italic;
}

.img-footer {
   padding-top:70px !important;
}

#wppb-search-fields {
   width:200px !important;
}

.boxForm {
   display: block;
   vertical-align: middle;
   width: 49.8%;
   margin-left: auto;
   margin-right: auto;
   
}

.boxForm2 {
   display: inline-block;
   vertical-align: top;
   width: 49.8%;
}

#boxFormInterne {
   width:250px !important;
}

#wppb-search-fields {
   margin-top:8px;
}

.jeg_slider_type_4 .jeg_post_title {
   font-size:14px !important;
}

.jeg_slider_type_4 .jeg_post_category a, .jeg_slider_type_4 .jeg_post_meta {
   display:none !important;
}

.thumbnail-container:hover {
   filter: brightness(50%) !important;
   -webkit-filter: brightness(50%) !important;
}

.tribe-events-c-view-selector {
   display:none !important;
}

.tribe-common--breakpoint-medium.tribe-events .tribe-events-l-container {
   padding-top : 0px !important;
}

.responsive-menu-search-box {
   margin-top:7px !important; 
   height: 25px;
}

ul.wppb-faceted-list > li{
   float:left !important;
   margin-right: 15px;
   max-width: 390px;
   max-height: 
}

.wppb-user-forms .wppb-search-button {
   padding-top: 1px;
   padding-bottom:1px;
}

.important {
   color: #6A8DAE;
   font-weight: bold;
}

.wppb-facet-select {
   width: 200px !important;
}

/* Widget News */
#secondary.right, #tertiary.right {padding: 4rem 0 1rem 4rem !important;}
#section-content hr {display: none !important;}
@media screen and (min-width: 768px){
article .entry-title {text-align: left !important;}}




/* @MEDIA PAS CA */

@media screen and (min-width:768px){
/* .main-posts-scroll {overflow-y: scroll; height: auto; }/* 380px;} */
.col-md-6-home {position: relative; min-height: 1px; padding-right: 15px; padding-left: 15px; width: 50%; float:left;}
}

@media screen and (max-width: 767px){
/* PEOPLE ALPHABET */
.alphabet li {margin:0; padding:0; border-right:1px solid darkgrey; font-size: 14px; color:black; display:inline-block; width:6.5%;} 
.main-posts-scroll {overflow: scroll; height: 350px; max-height: 350px; transform: rotate(-90deg) translateY(-390px); transform-origin: right top; width: 380px; padding-top: 320px !important;}
.col-md-6-home {position: relative; min-height: 1px; padding-right: 15px; padding-left: 35px; width: 350px; transform: rotate(90deg); transform-origin: right top; margin-top: 0px;}
.squares{padding:10px 0 0 0;}
.squares > div{width:260px; height:260px; margin:10px;}
#homepage {max-height: 410px !important;
/* transform: rotate(-90deg) translateY(-10px); transform-origin: right top; */
display: block; top: 0; left: 0; width: 415px;
margin-left: 10px !important; /* margin-left: -440px !important; */
overflow: scroll; scrollbar-face-color: #ff00ff; scrollbar-arrow-color: #000000; scrollbar-track-color: #00bf60; scrollbar-highlight-color: #bf5f00; scrollbar-shadow-color: #bf5f00; scrollbar-3dlight-color: #bf5f00; scrollbar-darkshadow-color: #bf5f00;}
#homepage li {display: block; height: 150px;
/* transform: rotate(90deg) translateX(395px); transform-origin: right top; */
width: 410px;}
/* #home-publications {margin-top: -300px;} */
}

/* MOBILE */
@media only screen and (min-width: 992px) {
button#responsive-menu-button {display:none !important;}
}

/* MOBILE */
@media screen and (min-width:768px){.vc_images_carousel .vc_carousel-control .icon-next,.vc_images_carousel .vc_carousel-control .icon-prev{font-size: 55px !important; color: #efefef !important;}
.vc_gitem-zone {display: table !important;}
}






/* FOOTER LOGO - Mobile */
@media screen and (min-width: 768px){
.img-footer {padding-top: 30px !important;}}


/* HOMEPAGE - Mobile */
@media screen and (max-width: 690px){
.jeg_heroblock .jeg_post_info {text-shadow:none !important;}
/*  .jeg_heroblock .jeg_thumb, .jeg_heroblock .jeg_thumb a>div {display:none !important;}
.jeg_heroblock .jeg_block_container {height: 100px;}
.jeg_heroblock_2:not(.carousel-hero) .jeg_hero_item_1 {height: 35%;}    */
.jeg_post {padding: 0px 0px 5px; max-width: 100%; margin: 0;}
/*  .jeg_hero_item_1 {height: 20% !important;}
.jeg_heroblock_2:not(.carousel-hero) .jeg_heroblock_scroller .jeg_post {width: 60% !important;}
 .jeg_hero_item_1 .jeg_block_container {height: 60px;}
.jeg_heroblock {margin-bottom:0 !important;}    */
.jeg_heroblock_wrapper {height:450px !important;}
h2.jeg_post_title_pers, h2.jeg_post_title_pers2, h2.jeg_post_title_pers4, h2.jeg_post_title_pers4, h2.jeg_post_title_pers5 {font-size:13px !important;}
.jeg_postblock_content2 h3, .jeg_postblock_content2 p {font-size:13px !important;}
.jeg_postblock_content2 {max-width:48% !important;}
.crestnewshp .jeg_hero_style_1 .jeg_postblock_content {padding: 0 0 42px 0 !important;}
.jeg_post_title_pers2 {width:100% !important; min-height:15px !important; margin-left:0 !important;margin-bottom:-42px !important;}
.jeg_post_title_pers {width: 370px !important; padding: 9px !important; min-height: 24px !important;}

.publicationblock {margin-top: 30px;}
.posts-list-element .jeg_thumb2 {height: 170px !important;}

.quicklinks a {font-size:13px !important;}
.footer-menu .col-md-1, .footer-menu .col-md-2 {width:auto !important;}
}

/* PUBLICATIONS - MOBILE */
@media screen and (max-width:690px){
.main-posts-scroll {transform: none !important; transform-origin: none !important; padding-top: 1px !important;}
.homepage .doubleHome {overflow: inherit; margin: 0 !important;}
.homepage .doubleHome li {float: none; width: 100%;}
article.posts-list-element {width: 306px;}
.homepage .doubleHome .jeg_postblock_content2 {max-width: 90% !important;}
}

/* PEOPLE - Mobile */
@media screen and (max-width: 690px){
#LetterA, #LetterB, #LetterC, #LetterD, #LetterE, #LetterF, #LetterG, #LetterH, #LetterI, #LetterJ, #LetterK, #LetterL, #LetterM, #LetterN, #LetterO, #LetterP, #LetterQ, #LetterR, #LetterS, #LetterT, #LetterU, #LetterV, #LetterW, #LetterX, #LetterY, #LetterZ {margin-right:300px;}
ul.alphabet {width: 100%; margin: 0 15px !important;}
}

/* RESEARCH - Mobile */
@media screen and (max-width: 690px){
.block {width: 45%; margin-bottom: 15%;}
.block .block-content {padding: 0;}
.block .block-title {font-size: 16px; padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px;}
}

/* NEWS - Mobile */
@media screen and (max-width: 690px){
.posts-list-element .jeg_postblock_content {max-width:100% !important; height:auto; text-align:justify;}
#secondary.right {padding: 0 !important;}
}

/* SEARCH */
.search h1.entry-title {font-size: 28px; font-weight: 400; margin: 40px 0;}
.search h2.entry-title, .search h2.entry-title a {font-size: 20px; font-weight: 400;}
.search article {margin: 10px 0 0 0!important; width:75%;}
.search .nav-previous {margin-top:10px;}

/* SEARCH - Mobile */
@media screen and (max-width: 690px){
.search h2.entry-title, .search h2.entry-title a {text-align:left;}
}

/* PEOPLE - Mobile */
@media screen and (max-width: 690px){
.um-header.no-cover .um-profile-photo {margin-right: 0 !important; width: 100% !important; height: 100%!important; float: none !important; margin: 0 !important; width: auto !important;}
.um-header.no-cover .um-profile-meta {display:block !important; max-width:100%; margin-left:0; margin-top:0 !important;}
.um-name {font-size: 14px !important; line-height: 20px; margin-bottom: 10px;}
.um-name a {font-size: 20px;}

.line {display: grid; padding: 5px 0; width: 450px;}
.line .cell {padding: 0;}
.view-membres .line .cell.photo {display: none;}
.view-membres .line .cell {width: 100%;}
}

/* GRANTS & PARTNERSHIPS 
.tab ul li {list-style: disc;}*/

/* HISTORY PAGE */
.history_first {font-weight:400; width: 100%;}
.history_para {font-weight:400; width: 350px;}
.alignright {text-align:right;}
.history_Last {width: 470px; text-align: left; margin: 0 auto; font-weight: 400;}

/* NEWS HOMEPAGE - Desktop */
h2.jeg_post_title_pers, h2.jeg_post_title_pers2, h2.jeg_post_title_pers4, h2.jeg_post_title_pers4, h2.jeg_post_title_pers5 {font-size:14px !important;}
.jeg_postblock_content2 h3, .jeg_postblock_content2 p {font-size:14px !important;}
.jeg_post_title_pers2 {min-height:15px !important;}
.jeg_post_title_pers {padding: 9px !important; min-height: 24px !important;}

/* PUBLICATION FORM */
.pubform p {max-width:650px !important;}
.pubform label {width:650px !important; margin-bottom:10px !important;}


.showlist ul li {list-style: disc !important;}

.entry-summary {overflow-wrap: break-word;}






/* PEOPLE */
.people {
background-color: white;
display: flex;
flex-flow: row nowrap;
align-items: flex-start;
}

.people p {
margin: 4px 0 !important;
}

.people .picture {
flex-shrink: 0;
width: 220px !important;
height: 220px !important;
background-size: cover;
background-position: center;
}

.people .picture img {
width: 220px;
height: 220px;
}

.people .content {
padding-top: 2px;
}

.people .content h3.fullname {
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 16px;
line-height: 16px;
margin: 10px 0;
}

.people .content h3 span.lastname {
text-transform: uppercase;
}

.people .content .title, .people .content .phd-year {
font-size: 16px;
margin-bottom: 0 !important;
}

.people .content .discipline {
font-size: 14px;
margin-bottom: 0 !important;
}

.people .content .email a {
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 11px;
text-decoration: none;
margin-top: 5px;
text-transform: uppercase;
}

.people .content .additional-info {
margin-top: 10px;
width: 220px;
}

.people .content .additional-info p.office {
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 10px;
line-height: 16px;
letter-spacing: 0.8px;
color: #63666a;
text-transform: uppercase;
margin-bottom: 0 !important;
}

.people .content .additional-info p.employer {
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 12px;
margin-top: 0;
color: #63666a;
}

.people .content .additional-info p.employer span{
font-weight: 500;
color: #000000;
}

.people .content .additional-info .website {
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 9px;
line-height: 16px;
letter-spacing: 0.8px;
text-decoration: none;
text-transform: uppercase;
transition: 0.3s;    
}

.people .content .additional-info .interests {
font-size: 10px;
position: relative;
text-transform: uppercase;
}

.people .content .additional-info .interests .researchtopics {
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 10px;
line-height: 14px;
letter-spacing: 0.8px;
margin-bottom: 5px !important;
}

.people .content .additional-info .interests span {
font-weight: 500;
font-size: 10px;
line-height: 14px;
color: #63666a;
letter-spacing: 0.8px;
}

.people .content .additional-info .interests span.phd-researchtopic p {
text-transform: none;
text-align: justify;
display: block;
width: 250px;
overflow: hidden;
/* white-space: nowrap; */
text-overflow: ellipsis;
}

.wppb-userlisting-container .vc_row:after, .wppb-userlisting-container .vc_row:before {
display: inline;
}

.fonthp18 {font-size:18px;}

.publicationshp {font-weight:300;}




/***************
* PUBLICATIONS *
***************/
/* Publication List */
.su-posts-default-loop .su-post {margin-bottom: 1.2em !important;}

/* Publication Title */
.su-posts-default-loop h2.su-post-title {font-size:1em !important; padding-top: 0.4em}

/* Thumbnail size and margin */
.su-posts-default-loop .su-post-thumbnail {width: 80px !important; margin-right: 0 !important;}

/* Content */
.su-posts-default-loop p.pub-journal-name {margin-bottom:0.2em!important; margin-top:0.4em; font-style:italic;}
.su-posts-default-loop span.pub-year {font-style:normal; font-size:.9em;}
.su-posts-default-loop p.pub-author-name {margin-bottom: 0.4em !important;}
.su-posts-default-loop p.pub-url {font-size: 0.9em; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom:0!important;}

/* Single Publication */
.pub-abstract {text-align:justify; width:1000px;}

/* Slider Home afficher 5 news */
.slider_home .jeg_slider_thumbnail_wrapper .epic-owl-stage {width:100% !important;} /* width: 576px; */
.slider_home .jeg_slider_thumbnail_wrapper .epic-owl-item.active {width:20% !important; margin-right: 0px !important;}

.footer-menu .col-md-3 {padding-left: 5px !important; padding-right: 0px !important;}


@media screen and (max-width: 690px){
.slider_home .jeg_slider_thumbnail_wrapper .epic-owl-stage {width: 448px !important}
}
@media screen and (max-width: 690px){
.footer-menu .col-md-3 {width: 100% !important}
} 
</style>

<script type="text/javascript">
jQuery(document).ready(function() {

/* On surveille les cliques sur les liens du menu */
jQuery('#tab-nav a').click(function(e){
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jQuery('.tab').removeClass('tab-active');
		
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jQuery('#tab-nav a').parent().removeClass('bckgrd-white');
		
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jQuery(this).addClass('tab-nav-active');

if (jQuery('#tab-nav a').hasClass('tab-nav-active')){
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<style id="jeg_dynamic_css" type="text/css" data-type="jeg_custom-css"></style><style>button#responsive-menu-button,
#responsive-menu-container {
    display: none;
    -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
}

@media screen and (max-width: 8000px) {

    #responsive-menu-container {
        display: block;
        position: fixed;
        top: 0;
        bottom: 0;
        z-index: 99998;
        padding-bottom: 5px;
        margin-bottom: -5px;
        outline: 1px solid transparent;
        overflow-y: auto;
        overflow-x: hidden;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container .responsive-menu-search-box {
        width: 100%;
        padding: 0 2%;
        border-radius: 2px;
        height: 50px;
        -webkit-appearance: none;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container.push-left,
    #responsive-menu-container.slide-left {
        transform: translateX(-100%);
        -ms-transform: translateX(-100%);
        -webkit-transform: translateX(-100%);
        -moz-transform: translateX(-100%);
    }

    .responsive-menu-open #responsive-menu-container.push-left,
    .responsive-menu-open #responsive-menu-container.slide-left {
        transform: translateX(0);
        -ms-transform: translateX(0);
        -webkit-transform: translateX(0);
        -moz-transform: translateX(0);
    }

    #responsive-menu-container.push-top,
    #responsive-menu-container.slide-top {
        transform: translateY(-100%);
        -ms-transform: translateY(-100%);
        -webkit-transform: translateY(-100%);
        -moz-transform: translateY(-100%);
    }

    .responsive-menu-open #responsive-menu-container.push-top,
    .responsive-menu-open #responsive-menu-container.slide-top {
        transform: translateY(0);
        -ms-transform: translateY(0);
        -webkit-transform: translateY(0);
        -moz-transform: translateY(0);
    }

    #responsive-menu-container.push-right,
    #responsive-menu-container.slide-right {
        transform: translateX(100%);
        -ms-transform: translateX(100%);
        -webkit-transform: translateX(100%);
        -moz-transform: translateX(100%);
    }

    .responsive-menu-open #responsive-menu-container.push-right,
    .responsive-menu-open #responsive-menu-container.slide-right {
        transform: translateX(0);
        -ms-transform: translateX(0);
        -webkit-transform: translateX(0);
        -moz-transform: translateX(0);
    }

    #responsive-menu-container.push-bottom,
    #responsive-menu-container.slide-bottom {
        transform: translateY(100%);
        -ms-transform: translateY(100%);
        -webkit-transform: translateY(100%);
        -moz-transform: translateY(100%);
    }

    .responsive-menu-open #responsive-menu-container.push-bottom,
    .responsive-menu-open #responsive-menu-container.slide-bottom {
        transform: translateY(0);
        -ms-transform: translateY(0);
        -webkit-transform: translateY(0);
        -moz-transform: translateY(0);
    }

    #responsive-menu-container,
    #responsive-menu-container:before,
    #responsive-menu-container:after,
    #responsive-menu-container *,
    #responsive-menu-container *:before,
    #responsive-menu-container *:after {
         box-sizing: border-box;
         margin: 0;
         padding: 0;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu-search-box,
    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu-additional-content,
    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu-title {
        padding: 25px 5%;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu,
    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu ul {
        width: 100%;
    }
    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu ul.responsive-menu-submenu {
        display: none;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu ul.responsive-menu-submenu.responsive-menu-submenu-open {
         display: block;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu ul.responsive-menu-submenu-depth-1 a.responsive-menu-item-link {
        padding-left: 10%;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu ul.responsive-menu-submenu-depth-2 a.responsive-menu-item-link {
        padding-left: 15%;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu ul.responsive-menu-submenu-depth-3 a.responsive-menu-item-link {
        padding-left: 20%;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu ul.responsive-menu-submenu-depth-4 a.responsive-menu-item-link {
        padding-left: 25%;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu ul.responsive-menu-submenu-depth-5 a.responsive-menu-item-link {
        padding-left: 30%;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container li.responsive-menu-item {
        width: 100%;
        list-style: none;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container li.responsive-menu-item a {
        width: 100%;
        display: block;
        text-decoration: none;
        
        position: relative;
    }


     #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu li.responsive-menu-item a {
                    padding: 0   5%;
            }

    #responsive-menu-container .responsive-menu-submenu li.responsive-menu-item a {
                    padding: 0   5%;
            }

    #responsive-menu-container li.responsive-menu-item a .fa {
        margin-right: 15px;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container li.responsive-menu-item a .responsive-menu-subarrow {
        position: absolute;
        top: 0;
        bottom: 0;
        text-align: center;
        overflow: hidden;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container li.responsive-menu-item a .responsive-menu-subarrow  .fa {
        margin-right: 0;
    }

    button#responsive-menu-button .responsive-menu-button-icon-inactive {
        display: none;
    }

    button#responsive-menu-button {
        z-index: 99999;
        display: none;
        overflow: hidden;
        outline: none;
    }

    button#responsive-menu-button img {
        max-width: 100%;
    }

    .responsive-menu-label {
        display: inline-block;
        font-weight: 600;
        margin: 0 5px;
        vertical-align: middle;
    }

    .responsive-menu-label .responsive-menu-button-text-open {
        display: none;
    }

    .responsive-menu-accessible {
        display: inline-block;
    }

    .responsive-menu-accessible .responsive-menu-box {
        display: inline-block;
        vertical-align: middle;
    }

    .responsive-menu-label.responsive-menu-label-top,
    .responsive-menu-label.responsive-menu-label-bottom
    {
        display: block;
        margin: 0 auto;
    }

    button#responsive-menu-button {
        padding: 0 0;
        display: inline-block;
        cursor: pointer;
        transition-property: opacity, filter;
        transition-duration: 0.15s;
        transition-timing-function: linear;
        font: inherit;
        color: inherit;
        text-transform: none;
        background-color: transparent;
        border: 0;
        margin: 0;
        overflow: visible;
    }

    .responsive-menu-box {
        width: 25px;
        height: 19px;
        display: inline-block;
        position: relative;
    }

    .responsive-menu-inner {
        display: block;
        top: 50%;
        margin-top: -1.5px;
    }

    .responsive-menu-inner,
    .responsive-menu-inner::before,
    .responsive-menu-inner::after {
         width: 25px;
         height: 3px;
         background-color: #fff;
         border-radius: 4px;
         position: absolute;
         transition-property: transform;
         transition-duration: 0.15s;
         transition-timing-function: ease;
    }

    .responsive-menu-open .responsive-menu-inner,
    .responsive-menu-open .responsive-menu-inner::before,
    .responsive-menu-open .responsive-menu-inner::after {
        background-color: #fff;
    }

    button#responsive-menu-button:hover .responsive-menu-inner,
    button#responsive-menu-button:hover .responsive-menu-inner::before,
    button#responsive-menu-button:hover .responsive-menu-inner::after,
    button#responsive-menu-button:hover .responsive-menu-open .responsive-menu-inner,
    button#responsive-menu-button:hover .responsive-menu-open .responsive-menu-inner::before,
    button#responsive-menu-button:hover .responsive-menu-open .responsive-menu-inner::after,
    button#responsive-menu-button:focus .responsive-menu-inner,
    button#responsive-menu-button:focus .responsive-menu-inner::before,
    button#responsive-menu-button:focus .responsive-menu-inner::after,
    button#responsive-menu-button:focus .responsive-menu-open .responsive-menu-inner,
    button#responsive-menu-button:focus .responsive-menu-open .responsive-menu-inner::before,
    button#responsive-menu-button:focus .responsive-menu-open .responsive-menu-inner::after {
        background-color: #fff;
    }

    .responsive-menu-inner::before,
    .responsive-menu-inner::after {
         content: "";
         display: block;
    }

    .responsive-menu-inner::before {
         top: -8px;
    }

    .responsive-menu-inner::after {
         bottom: -8px;
    }

            .responsive-menu-boring .responsive-menu-inner,
.responsive-menu-boring .responsive-menu-inner::before,
.responsive-menu-boring .responsive-menu-inner::after {
    transition-property: none;
}

.responsive-menu-boring.is-active .responsive-menu-inner {
    transform: rotate(45deg);
}

.responsive-menu-boring.is-active .responsive-menu-inner::before {
    top: 0;
    opacity: 0;
}

.responsive-menu-boring.is-active .responsive-menu-inner::after {
    bottom: 0;
    transform: rotate(-90deg);
}    
    button#responsive-menu-button {
        width: 55px;
        height: 55px;
        position: fixed;
        top: 15px;
        right: 5%;
                    background: #000
            }

            .responsive-menu-open button#responsive-menu-button {
            background: #000
        }
    
            .responsive-menu-open button#responsive-menu-button:hover,
        .responsive-menu-open button#responsive-menu-button:focus,
        button#responsive-menu-button:hover,
        button#responsive-menu-button:focus {
            background: #000
        }
    
    button#responsive-menu-button .responsive-menu-box {
        color: #fff;
    }

    .responsive-menu-open button#responsive-menu-button .responsive-menu-box {
        color: #fff;
    }

    .responsive-menu-label {
        color: #fff;
        font-size: 14px;
        line-height: 13px;
            }

    button#responsive-menu-button {
        display: inline-block;
        transition: transform   0.5s, background-color   0.5s;
    }

    
    
    #responsive-menu-container {
        width: 75%;
        left: 0;
        transition: transform   0.5s;
        text-align: left;
                                            background: #212121;
            }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu-wrapper {
        background: #212121;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu-additional-content {
        color: #fff;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container .responsive-menu-search-box {
        background: #fff;
        border: 2px solid   #dadada;
        color: #333;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container .responsive-menu-search-box:-ms-input-placeholder {
        color: #C7C7CD;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container .responsive-menu-search-box::-webkit-input-placeholder {
        color: #C7C7CD;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container .responsive-menu-search-box:-moz-placeholder {
        color: #C7C7CD;
        opacity: 1;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container .responsive-menu-search-box::-moz-placeholder {
        color: #C7C7CD;
        opacity: 1;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container .responsive-menu-item-link,
    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu-title,
    #responsive-menu-container .responsive-menu-subarrow {
        transition: background-color   0.5s, border-color   0.5s, color   0.5s;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu-title {
        background-color: #212121;
        color: #fff;
        font-size: 13px;
        text-align: left;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu-title a {
        color: #fff;
        font-size: 13px;
        text-decoration: none;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu-title a:hover {
        color: #fff;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu-title:hover {
        background-color: #212121;
        color: #fff;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu-title:hover a {
        color: #fff;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu-title #responsive-menu-title-image {
        display: inline-block;
        vertical-align: middle;
        max-width: 100%;
        margin-bottom: 15px;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu-title #responsive-menu-title-image img {
                        max-width: 100%;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu > li.responsive-menu-item:first-child > a {
        border-top: 1px solid   #212121;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu li.responsive-menu-item .responsive-menu-item-link {
        font-size: 13px;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu li.responsive-menu-item a {
        line-height: 40px;
        border-bottom: 1px solid   #212121;
        color: #fff;
        background-color: #212121;
                    height: 40px;
            }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu li.responsive-menu-item a:hover {
        color: #fff;
        background-color: #3f3f3f;
        border-color: #212121;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu li.responsive-menu-item a:hover .responsive-menu-subarrow {
        color: #fff;
        border-color: #3f3f3f;
        background-color: #3f3f3f;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu li.responsive-menu-item a:hover .responsive-menu-subarrow.responsive-menu-subarrow-active {
        color: #fff;
        border-color: #3f3f3f;
        background-color: #3f3f3f;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu li.responsive-menu-item a .responsive-menu-subarrow {
        right: 0;
        height: 39px;
        line-height: 39px;
        width: 40px;
        color: #fff;
                        border-left: 1px solid #212121;
        
        background-color: #212121;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu li.responsive-menu-item a .responsive-menu-subarrow.responsive-menu-subarrow-active {
        color: #fff;
        border-color: #212121;
        background-color: #212121;
    }

    #responsive-menu-container #responsive-menu li.responsive-menu-item a .responsive-menu-subarrow.responsive-menu-subarrow-active:hover {
        color: #fff;
        border-color: #3f3f3f;
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						<h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://econ.ip-paris.fr/clement-malgouyres-recipient-of-the-cnrs-bronze-medal-2024/">Clément Malgouyres, recipient of the CNRS Bronze Medal 2024</a></h2>
					
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			<h3><strong>The CNRS Bronze Medal</strong></h3>

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			<p>The CNRS Bronze Medal is an award presented by <a href="https://www.cnrs.fr/en" target="_blank" rel="noopener">the French National Center for Scientific Research</a> (Centre national de la recherche scientifique or CNRS). It honors researchers for the originality, quality, and significance of their work, typically within the early years of their career. It represents a significant acknowledgment in the field of scientific research.</p>

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			<h3><strong>Clément Malgouyres, recipient of the 2024 CNRS Bronze Medal</strong></h3>

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			<p><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-16644" src="https://crest.science/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/MALGOUYRES_Clement.jpg" alt="" width="400" height="400" /></p>

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			<p><a href="https://sites.google.com/site/clementmalgouyres/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Clément Malgouyres</a> is a research associate at CNRS and an economist at CREST, a member of <a href="https://www.ip-paris.fr/en" target="_blank" rel="noopener">the Polytechnic Institute of Paris</a>. He is also a research affiliate at <a href="https://www.ipp.eu/en/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">the Institute of Public Policy</a>. He defended his thesis in 2016 at <a href="https://www.eui.eu/en/home" target="_blank" rel="noopener">the European University Institute</a>.</p>
<p>His work encompasses labor economics, public economics, and international economics. He explores the interactions between public policies and corporate behavior, with a particular focus on business and entrepreneur taxation, as well as the role of companies in labor market dynamics</p>

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			<p>In a recent article (Bergeaud et al., 2023), Clément and his co-authors investigate the effects of public research on companies&#8217; R&amp;D efforts, comparing the relative effectiveness of various public innovation support policies. Other recent works focus on measuring the progressivity of the tax system, improving the measurement of income and business assets (Bach et al., 2023). Finally, he examines the effectiveness of incentive policies for greening the fleet of passenger vehicles through a bonus/malus system.</p>

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<p>References:</p>
<ol>
<li>&#8220;<a href="http://www.longtermproductivity.com/perso/bghm_main.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noopener">From Public Labs to Private Firms: Magnitude and Channels of R&amp;D Spillovers</a>&#8221; (with Antonin Bergeaud, Arthur Guillouzouic, and Emeric Henry) &#8211; Working Paper</li>
<li>&#8220;Do Billionaires Pay Taxes?&#8221; (with L. Bach, A. Bozio, and A. Guillouzouic)&#8221;</li>
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						<h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://res.org.uk/the-economic-journal-appoints-new-managing-editors/#new_tab">Roland Rathelot and Namrata Kala appointed Managing Editors of The Economic Journal</a></h2>
					
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			<p><b>Roland Rathelot and Namrata Kala are appointed Managing Editors of The Economic Journal from January 2024.</b></p>

				
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						<h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://www.horizonspublics.fr/revue/automne-2023/et-si-la-transformation-ecologique-etait-la-matrice-des-politiques#new_tab">Les ressorts sociaux de la bifurcation écologique des Français</a></h2>
					
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			<p><span data-offset-key="7suf-0-0">Une contribution d&#8217;</span><span data-offset-key="7suf-2-0">Ivaylo Petev pour le numéro spécial d&#8217;Automne 2023 de la revue Horizons Publics.</span></p>

				
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